урок семь
Adjectives: Describing Things
These words describe the noun, and match the gender of the noun they accompany.
For masculine we have three possible endings:
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-ыи: commonest
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-ий: if the last consonant of the adjective is soft, or one of the spelling consonants (see Rule 1).
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-ой: we use this if the adjective is stressed in the ending.
The cool thing is that feminine -ая and neuter -ое. Do not change
несколько примеров...| m. | f. | n. |
|---|---|---|
| нóвый | нóвая | нóвое |
| русский | русская | русское |
| вторóй | вторая | вторóе |
Soft Adjectives -ний
These adjectives end in -ний, most of these adjectives have a time meaning.
Instead of ый, ая, ое these have ий, яя, ее. например:
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послéдний/послéдняя/послéднее (last)
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послéднее время - lately (but the word by word translation is last time)
-
-
летний/летняя/летнее (summer)
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летняя ночь - summer night
-
-
утрений/утреняя/утренее (morning)
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ты утрений человек? - Are you a morning person?
-
Exception третий (third) "
The only notable exception is the третий type which forms are третья/третье
Usually these are used for living things, but one to note comes from бог (God). The adjective is бóжий, бóжья ми́лость (God's Mercy).
какой
You can use adjective какой/ая/ое to ask what something is like. Similarish to Cuál in Spanish.
- какая машина?
- какой вариант?
Prepositional Case of Adjectives
If the noun is in this case, then the adjective must be.
For masculine and neuter, they will always be the same.
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-ом for the "normal" types ый, ий, ой.
-
-ем for the soft types -ний
например
- в нóвом гóроде
- в старом здании
- в зимнем вечере
- на черном стуле
For feminine nouns, ом becomes ой; ем becomes ей.
For the третий case we have ьем/ьей, say на третьей улице.